Ahupuaʻa— ‘Ōlelo No‘eau #566He hānai aliʻi, he ʻai ahupuaʻa.The rearing of a chief is the ruling of an ahupuaʻa.A person in whose care a young chief was placed was often rewarded with a large tract of land.
He aha ke ahupua‘a?
He ʻāpana ʻāina ke ahupuaʻa. Māhele ʻia ko kākou mokupuni ma nā ahupuaʻa. Pili nā palena o kēlā me kēia ahupuaʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻāina, e laʻa me ke kuahiwi a kahawai paha. Kaʻa kekahi mau ahupuaʻa mai ke kuahiwi a i ka ʻāpapa i loko o ke kai. ʻOkoʻa ka nui o nā ahupuaʻa. ʻO nā mea liʻiliʻi he 100 paha ʻeka, a ʻo nā mea nunui hoʻi, he 100,000 paha ʻeka. Aia nō ma kēlā me kēia ahupuaʻa ka ʻai me ka iʻa a me ka waiwai e noho kūʻonoʻono ai nā ʻohana.
I mea aha ke ahupuaʻa?
ʻO Oʻahu ka ʻāina. ʻO Māʻilikūkahi ke aliʻi. ʻO ka wā kahiko loa nō ia, ma kahi o ke kenekulia 15. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ko Māʻilikūkahi noho aliʻi, ʻaʻohe māhele ʻia o ka ʻāina. ʻAʻohe lawa o ka ʻai, a paio nā aliʻi no ka pono ʻāina.
He aliʻi aloha a lokomaikaʻi ʻo Māʻilikūkahi. Ua makemake i ka hoʻolako i ka ʻai a me ka pono e noho kūʻonoʻono ai ka poʻe. Ua makemake i ka pono o ka poʻe a me ka ʻāina.
Hoʻouna aku ʻo Māʻilikūkahi i nā aliʻi i ke ana i ka mokupuni. A laila, māka ʻia nā palena o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana ʻāina. Ua māhele ʻia ka mokupuni ʻo Oʻahu ma nā moku. A laila ma nā ahupuaʻa. A laila ma nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi iho. Ma ka māhele ʻana i ka ʻāina a me ka hoʻolaukaʻi ʻana i ka poʻe, ua ʻoi aku ka pono o ka ʻāina.
He pae moku ʻo Hawaiʻi. He mau mokupuni hoʻi. Māhele ʻia ka mokupuni ma nā moku. He moku ʻo Kona ma Hawaiʻi mokupuni. Pēia pū ʻo Nāpali ma Kauaʻi. I kekahi mau wahi, ʻelua hou māhelehele ʻana ma mua o ka pae ahupuaʻa. A laila, māhele hou ʻia ke ahupuaʻa i mau ʻāpana emi mai o ka nui.
Pehea i holo pono ai ke ahupua‘a?
Ma ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke ahupuaʻa i kōkua ʻia ai ka poʻe ma ka mālama a hoʻohana pono ʻana i nā waiwai o ka ʻāina. Ua kō hoʻi nā makemake o ko ke ahupuaʻa poʻe ma loko iho nō o nā palena ʻāina.
Ua lako pono ke ahupuaʻa i nā waiwai e ola pono ai ka poʻe a pau. Inā nele kekahi mea i ka hiki ʻole ke hana a ʻohi ʻia paha, ua loaʻa ma ke kūʻai. Mālama ʻia nā waiwai laha ʻole, ua kapu hoʻi i lawa kūpono i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Pēlā ke kapu o kekahi ʻano iʻa ma ka wā hānau, i lawa kūpono nā iʻa na ko mua aku. Ola ka poʻe, ola hoʻi ka ʻāina.
Hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻano o ka hana i ke ʻano o ka ʻāina. Inā he ulu koa kiʻekiʻe ikaika ko uka, mālama ʻia ka nahele e kālai ʻia ai ka waʻa ma hope. Inā he kula e kahe ai ke kahawai no ka mahi ʻai, ua hoʻopaepae ʻia nā loʻi kalo. Inā he nuku o ke kahawai ma kahi o ka hono mālie, ua hoʻopaepae ʻia nā loko iʻa.
Ua kauoha ʻo Māʻilikūkahi i ka mālama ʻāina. He ʻāina piha i ka waiwai a me ka maluhia i kona noho aliʻi.
“E mahiki i ka ʻāina, e hānai i ka puaʻa, i ka ʻīlio, i ka moa—lawe aʻe nō, ʻai. ʻO ʻoukou nō ke aliʻi o ka ʻāina a puni. Mai ʻaihue i kā haʻi—ʻo ka uku nō ka make. Mai kiʻi wale nā aliʻi i kā nā makaʻāinana. ʻAʻole e hao wale, he kipi ia. ʻO ka make nō ka uku. Eia kuʻu kauoha i nā aliʻi me nā kaukaualiʻi me ka pūʻali aliʻi me ka pūʻali, a me nā makaʻāinana” (Kamakau—“Ka moolelo o Hawaii nei” 9/2/1865).
Pehea i kau ʻia ai ka palena ʻāina?
Aia he mau ʻano māka like ʻole e hōʻike ana i ka palena o ke ahupuaʻa. ʻO kekahi, he mea o ke ao kūlohelohe i loaʻa mua, a ʻo kekahi, ua hana ʻia na kānaka. He pōhaku nunui, he ulu kumulāʻau, a he kahawai paha kekahi mau ʻano palena ahupuaʻa (Handy, 1972). Eia hou kekahi ʻano palena ahupuaʻa, he kula paha e noho mau ai kahi manu kikoʻī.
ʻO ke ahu puaʻa ka māka i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ka palena o nā ahupuaʻa. He ahu pōhaku ia e kau ana ke poʻo puaʻa. ʻAʻole ia he poʻo o ka puaʻa maoli, ʻeā, he ʻano kiʻi ia o ke poʻo puaʻa i kālai ʻia i ka lāʻau kukui. ʻO kekahi ʻano māka i hana ʻia e ko kēia au, ʻo ia ka hōʻailona alanui e hōʻike ana i ke komo i ahupuaʻa hou.
Nā kānaka o ke ahupua‘a
Ua hoʻonoho ʻo Māʻilikūkahi i nā aliʻi nui ʻai moku i kēlā me kēia moku. A laila, hoʻonoho ʻia nā aliʻi ʻai ahupuaʻa i kēlā me kēia ahupuaʻa no ka mālama i ka ʻāina. No lākou ke kuleana ʻo ka hoʻohua i ka ʻāina. Na ke konohiki i hoʻokele i nā hana o ke ahupuaʻa o kēlā lā kēia lā. He kaukaualiʻi ia. ʻO ka maʻamau, he pili ʻohana ia i ke aliʻi ʻai moku a i ʻole paha ke aliʻi nui. Na ke konohiki i hoʻokele i nā hana a ka lawaiʻa a me ka mahi ʻai.
Hoʻonoho ʻia aku hoʻi kekahi kaukaualiʻi i nā ʻāpana ʻāina liʻiliʻi mai. Ua lilo ka makaʻāinana i kahu o ke ahupuaʻa a lākou i noho ai. Ua huli ka lima i ka ʻāina, no laila, he mea nui lākou i ke ola a me ka waiwai o ke ahupuaʻa.
He inoa ko ke ahupuaʻa
He inoa ko kēlā me kēia ahupuaʻa. Pēia pū nā ʻāpana ʻāina ʻē aʻe, mea ʻole ka nui a me ka liʻiliʻi paha, he inoa ko kēlā me kēia ʻāpana ʻāina. He inoa ko nā loʻi kalo a me nā loko iʻa. Ua paʻa ia mau inoa i nā aliʻi, a ua maopopo hoʻi iā lākou ka manaʻo o nā inoa.
Ua kapa ʻia paha ka inoa o kekahi wahi no nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻāina, no ke kamaʻāina kaulana o ia wahi, a i ʻole paha no ka waiwai koʻikoʻi loa—ka wai, e laʻa hoʻi me nā wahi he nui e hoʻomaka ana ka inoa me “wai.” Ua kapa ʻia ke ahupuaʻa ʻo Waimea ma Oʻahu no ke ʻano mea (he ʻano ʻulaʻula) o ka wai ma ke kahawai ma hope o ka loku o ka ua.
Ua ʻohi a ʻai ko kākou kūpuna ma ko lākou ahupuaʻa ponoʻī iho nō. ʻAʻohe o lākou lawe i ka pono o kekahi ahupuaʻa. Ua kamaʻāina loa nō hoʻi lākou i ko lākou ʻāina a me ke kai. ʻAʻohe makemake i ka mahaʻoi ma ʻō a ma ʻaneʻi. Inā nele i ka loaʻa ʻole, ua kūʻai me ko kekahi ahupuaʻa. He koena kalo ko ke ahupuaʻa ʻo Waipiʻo, liʻiliʻi naʻe ka iʻa o kēlā kai. No laila, kūʻai ʻia ke kalo i loaʻa mai ka iʻa o ka moku ʻo Hilo lāua ʻo Kohala.
Ke ahupua‘a o kēia wā
Aia nō ke hoʻopuka ʻia nei nā inoa kahiko o kekahi mau ahupuaʻa a ʻāpana ʻāina paha. Eia naʻe, ua pani ʻia kekahi mau inoa kahiko i nā inoa hou o kēia wā. A, i kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole nānā ʻia ka moʻolelo kahiko a me ka ʻike kuʻuna no ka ʻāina ma ke kapa hou ʻana. Kapa ʻia kekahi mau ahupuaʻa he mau kaona, a hoʻohuihui ʻia kekahi me nā ahupuaʻa i ʻoi aku kona kaulana. I laʻana hoʻi ʻo “Kāneʻohe town” ma Oʻahu. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi hapa o ia kaona, me ke kikowaena kūʻai ʻo Windward, ma ke ahupuaʻa ʻo Heʻeia. A ma mua, he inoa ahupuaʻa ʻo Kāneʻohe, aia i waena o nā ahupuaʻa ‘o Heʻeia me Kailua.
ʻO kekahi mea hoihoi, ʻaʻole hana ka poʻe a pau ma ke ahupuaʻa a lākou e noho ai. Holo kekahi hapa nui i nā wahi kiwikā e laha ai ka hana, e laʻa hoʻi me Honolulu. Aia naʻe nā hale a me ka ʻāina emi o ke kumukūʻai ma kahi kuaʻāina. He mea ia e paʻapū ai nā alanui a me nā alaloa a puni ke kūlanakauhale. ʻOi aku nā hola ma ke kalaiwa ma ke alanui a ma nā wahi hana hoʻi ma mua o ka wā ma ke kaiahome. Pēlā e moku ai ka pilina me ka ʻāina a me ke kaiaulu. Emi iho nō ko kākou wā e pili ʻohana ai—me ka ʻohana kanaka a me ka ʻohana ʻāina.
Ke pilikia ko kākou pilina ʻāina, emi iho ko kākou kōkua i ka mālama. Ke emi iho ka mālama i ka waiwai, emi pū hoʻi ka ikaika o ke ahupuaʻa. Kaukaʻi hewa kākou i nā ahupuaʻa a me nā aupuni no waho e lako ai ko kākou wai, ka ʻai, a me ka pono.
E hoʻi hou paha kākou i ka noho a me ka hana ma ke ahupuaʻa. Pēlā e hoʻonui like aʻe ai i ka waiwai o ka ʻāina a me ka waiwai o kānaka. Pēlā hoʻi e maikaʻi ai ke ahupuaʻa no ka poʻe a pau no nā kau a kau.
